FCC Exam Question: 8-23C2
Video amplifiers in pulse RADAR receivers must have a broad bandwidth because:
Explanation: Video amplifiers in pulse RADAR receivers operate on the demodulated baseband pulses. A pulse, particularly a narrow one with fast rise and fall times, is not a single frequency but rather a composite of many different frequency components across a wide spectrum. To accurately reproduce the shape of these pulses without distortion, the amplifier must be able to pass all the significant frequency components. If the bandwidth is too narrow, the pulse's sharp edges will be rounded, and its width will be smeared, leading to a reduction in its peak amplitude. This distortion makes it much harder to accurately measure the pulse's arrival time (crucial for range) and significantly impedes the detection of *weak pulses* which might otherwise be lost in noise if their peak amplitude is further diminished by distortion. Therefore, a broad bandwidth is essential to faithfully amplify and preserve the characteristics of even weak pulses, ensuring their detectability and accurate processing. * **A) Weak pulses must be amplified.** Correct. Broad bandwidth ensures that the shape of weak pulses is preserved, preventing distortion that would further reduce their peak amplitude and make them undetectable. * **B) High frequency sine waves must be amplified.** Incorrect. Video amplifiers operate after demodulation, processing baseband pulses, not high-frequency RF or IF sine waves. * **C) The RADARs operate at PRFs above 100.** Incorrect. While PRF is important, it primarily dictates the low-frequency response requirements and unambiguous range, not the broad bandwidth needed to reproduce the high-frequency components within *each individual pulse*. * **D) The pulses produced are normally too wide for video amplification.** Incorrect. RADAR pulses are often *very narrow* for good range resolution. It's precisely their narrowness (fast rise/fall times) that demands a broad bandwidth. Wide pulses would require *less* bandwidth.
8-28C6
8-48F1
8-17B6
8-21C2
8-31D1
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Includes Elements 1, 3, 6, 7R, 8, and 9.