FCC Exam Question: 3-43F1

Why is the Colpitts oscillator circuit commonly used in a VFO (variable frequency oscillator)?

A. It can be phase locked.
B. It can be remotely tuned.
C. It is stable.
D. It has little or no effect on the crystal’s stability.
Correct Answer: C

Explanation: The Colpitts oscillator is commonly used in VFOs (Variable Frequency Oscillators) primarily because of its **inherent frequency stability**. Its design utilizes a tapped capacitive voltage divider in the tank circuit, which provides a relatively low impedance at the active device's input. This minimizes the effect of the active device's (e.g., transistor) internal capacitances and external load variations on the resonant frequency, leading to less frequency drift. For a VFO, maintaining a precise and stable frequency as it's tuned across its range is critical for accurate operation in a transceiver. Regarding the other options: * **A) It can be phase locked:** While VFOs are often phase-locked for extreme stability, phase-locking is a technique applied to *any* oscillator, not an exclusive property or unique advantage of the Colpitts topology. * **B) It can be remotely tuned:** Remote tuning is typically achieved using varactor diodes (voltage-controlled capacitors) in the tank circuit, a method applicable to various LC oscillator types, not just the Colpitts. * **D) It has little or no effect on the crystal’s stability:** A VFO is an LC oscillator, meaning its frequency is determined by inductors and capacitors, not a crystal. Crystal oscillators are fixed-frequency devices, so their stability is irrelevant to a VFO's design choice.

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Includes Elements 1, 3, 6, 7R, 8, and 9.