FCC Exam Question: 40E3

What is the configuration for a mains operated switching power supply with output regulation?

A. Input rectifier and filter, Inverter (chopper), output transformer, feedback loop to a chopper controller and
B. Line, Inverter (chopper), input rectifier and filter, output transformer, output rectifier and filter to DC output.
C. Input rectifier and filter, output transformer, output rectifier and filter to DC output with feedback loop to the
D. Input rectifier and filter, Inverter (chopper), output transformer, output rectifier and filter to DC output with
Correct Answer: D

Explanation: A mains-operated switching power supply first converts the incoming AC to high-voltage DC using an **input rectifier and filter**. This DC is then fed to an **inverter (chopper)**, which rapidly switches it on and off, creating high-frequency AC pulses. These pulses are applied to a much smaller **output transformer**, which steps down the voltage and provides isolation. The transformer's output is then rectified and filtered by the **output rectifier and filter** to produce the final regulated DC output. A crucial **feedback loop** samples the output voltage and adjusts the inverter's switching action (e.g., duty cycle) to maintain a constant output despite load changes, providing the "output regulation." Option B is incorrect because the inverter (chopper) requires DC input and must come *after* the input rectifier and filter. Option C describes a linear power supply configuration, lacking the essential inverter/chopper for high-frequency switching. Option A is incomplete, missing the final output rectifier and filter stage necessary to produce usable DC.

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Includes Elements 1, 3, 6, 7R, 8, and 9.