FCC Exam Question: 8-18B2

The characteristics of a field-effect transistor (FET) used in a modern RADAR switching power supply can be compared as follows:

A. “On” state compares to a bipolar transistor. “Off” state compares to a 1-Megohm resistor.
B. “On” state compares to a pure resistor. “Off” state compares to a mechanical relay.
C. “On” state compares to an low resistance inductor. “Off” state compares to a 10-Megohm resistor.
D. “On” state compares to a resistor. “Off” state compares to a capacitor.
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: In a switching power supply, a Field-Effect Transistor (FET) functions as a high-speed electronic switch. When the FET is turned fully "on," its channel becomes conductive, offering a specific, very low resistance (known as Rds(on)) between the drain and source. This allows current to flow with minimal voltage drop, similar to how a pure, low-value resistor conducts current. When the FET is turned completely "off," its channel effectively blocks current flow, presenting an extremely high impedance (ideally infinite). This characteristic of preventing current passage is analogous to an open mechanical relay, which physically breaks a circuit. Other options are incorrect because inductors and capacitors store energy or oppose changes in current/voltage rather than providing a simple resistive path or complete block. While 1-Megohm or 10-Megohm resistors represent high resistance, an "off" FET's impedance is significantly higher, approaching an open circuit, which a mechanical relay best represents.

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Includes Elements 1, 3, 6, 7R, 8, and 9.