Explanation: Satellite EPIRBs are crucial emergency devices that, once activated, transmit a powerful 406 MHz signal. This signal contains a unique identification code (like the vessel's MMSI or a unique serial number). Satellites (part of the COSPAS-SARSAT system) detect this signal and relay it to ground stations. These stations use the unique ID to identify the vessel from a registration database and determine its precise location through Doppler shift analysis of the signal, or directly from integrated GPS data if the EPIRB is so equipped. This makes statement D correct, as its primary function is to identify the vessel and determine its position for search and rescue. * **A) Incorrect:** The coded EPIRB signal indicates a distress event and its location, but it does not transmit specific details about the *nature* of the distress (e.g., fire, medical emergency, sinking). That information typically needs to be relayed via other communication methods. * **B) Incorrect:** The signal identifies the EPIRB, which links to a database containing vessel name, port, and emergency contacts. However, it also provides crucial positioning data and is not *only* for identifying name and port. * **C) Incorrect:** EPIRBs are programmed with their unique identifier (MMSI or serial) by the manufacturer or a certified technician, linked to the vessel's registration. They are not routinely programmed by a GMDSS operator with "default information." An unprogrammed or unregistered EPIRB can significantly hinder identification and rescue efforts.