Explanation: An Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) is specifically designed to transmit a distress signal and precise location information to search and rescue authorities via satellite. These radio beacons are essential safety equipment intended to be activated in an emergency, particularly when abandoning ship into a survival craft. They typically float free from a sinking vessel or can be manually deployed and activated in a life raft, making them critical for summoning help from a survival situation. NAVTEX is a receiver for navigational and meteorological warnings, not a distress transmitter. A Fathometer measures water depth and is a navigational tool for the main vessel. COSPAS-SARSAT is the international satellite system that *receives* EPIRB signals, not the equipment itself carried in a survival craft.