Explanation: COSPAS-SARSAT is an international satellite-based search and rescue system. Its primary purpose is to detect and locate emergency beacons – specifically Emergency Position-Indicating Radiobeacons (EPIRBs) used in maritime, Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) for aviation, and Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) for individuals. These beacons transmit distress signals, often on 406 MHz, which COSPAS-SARSAT satellites monitor. The system then relays the location data to ground stations, enabling rescue coordination centers to dispatch aid quickly. Option A describes a general satellite communications system, not one specifically for distress alerting. Option C refers to military satellite networks, which operate independently of COSPAS-SARSAT's humanitarian mission. Option D, "Wide Area Geostationary Satellite program," is not a recognized system related to COSPAS-SARSAT.